Three-Dimensional Geometry in the Georgia Performance
Geometry Standards for Grades K - 8
Kindergarten
1. Students will correctly name simple two and
three-dimensional figures, and recognize them in the environment.
b. Recognize and name the following three-dimensional
shapes: spheres (balls) and cubes.
c. Observe concrete objects in the environment and
represent the objects using basic shapes, such as drawing a representation of a
house using a square together with a triangle for the roof.
e. Compare geometric shapes and identify
similarities and differences of the following two and three-dimensional shapes:
triangles, rectangles, squares, circles, spheres, and cubes.
2. Students will understand positional
relationships.
b. Identify when an object is in front of another
object, behind another object, inside another object, or outside it.
3. Students will identify, create, extend, and transfer
patterns from one representation to another using actions, objects, and
geometric shapes.
Grade One
1. Students will study and create various two and
three-dimensional figures and identify basic figures (squares, circles,
triangles, and rectangles) within them.
b. Build, represent, name, and describe cylinders,
cones, and rectangular prisms (objects that have the shape of a box.
2. Students will compare, contrast, and/or classify
geometric shapes by the common attributes of position, shape, size, number of
sides, and number of corners.
3. Students will arrange and describe objects in
space by proximity, position, and direction (near, far, below, above, up, down,
behind, in front of, next to, and left or right of).
Grade Two
1. Students will describe and classify plane figures
(triangles, squares, rectangles, trapezoids, quadrilaterals, pentagons,
hexagons, and irregular polygonal shapes) according to the number of edges and
vertices and the sizes of angles (right angle, obtuse, acute).
2. Students will describe and classify solid
geometric figures (prisms, cylinders, cones, and spheres) according to such
things as the number of edges and vertices and the number and shape of faces
and angles.
a. Recognize the (plane) shapes of the faces of a
geometric solid and count the number of faces of each type.
3. Students will describe the change in attributes
as two and three-dimensional shapes are cut and rearranged.
Grade Three
1. Students will further develop their understanding of
geometric figures by drawing them. They will also state and explain their
properties.
Grade Four
1. Students will define and identify the characteristics
of geometric figures through examination and construction.
2. Students will understand fundamental solid
figures.
a. Compare and contrast a cube and a rectangular
prism in terms of the number and shape of their faces, edges, and vertices.
b. Describe parallel and perpendicular lines and
planes in connection with rectangular prims.
c. Construct/collect models for solid geometric
figures (cubes, prisms, cylinders, etc.)
3. Students will use the coordinate system.
Grade Five
1. Students will understand congruence of geometric
figures and the correspondence of their vertices, sides, and angles.
2. Students will understand the relationship of the
circumference of a circle, its diameter, and pi.
Grade Six
1. Students will further develop their understanding of
plane figures.
2. Students will further develop their understanding
of solid figures.
a. Compare and contrast right prisms and pyramids.
b. Compare and contrast cylinders and cones.
c. Interpret and sketch front, back, top, bottom,
and side views of solid figures.
d. Construct nets for prisms, cylinders, pyramids,
and cones.
Grade Seven
1. Students will construct plane figures that meet given
conditions.
2. Students will demonstrate understanding of
transformations.
3. Students will use the properties of similarity and
apply these concepts to geometric figures.
4. Students will further develop their
understanding of three-dimensional figures.
a. Describe three-dimensional figures formed by
translations and rotations of plane figures through space.
b. Sketch, model, and describe cross-sections of
cones, cylinders, pyramids, and prisms.
Grade Eight
1. Students will understand and apply the properties of
parallel and perpendicular lines and understand the meaning of congruence.
2. Students will understand and use the Pythagorean
Theorem.